Telegraph installation



' O. SRNKA.

TELEGRAPH INSTALLATION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE14, 1-915.

1,355,863, Patented Oct. 19,1920.

1 2 C G L .9 10

" ill!" mil" PATENT OFF-ICE.

OSKAR SRNKA, 0F BRfi'NN', AUSTRIA.

TELEGRAPH INSTALLATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

Application filed June 14, 1915. Serial No. 34,077.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OSKAR SRN'KA subject of the Emperor of- Austria, residing at Briinn, Moravia, Austria, have invented certain, new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Installation, of which the following is a specification.

All the known telegraphic connections (for continuous current) by Morse system suffer from the mistake thatas well in the position of repose as in the position of transmission while two stations of one and the same line are communicating all the other stations of the same line are entirely deprived of the possibility of communicating until the line gets free, that is to say until the moment when the connection between the two first named stations has reached its finish and has been wound-up.

In the case that one line includes several intermediate stations, and some of the same are waiting for the freeing'of the line, it happens frequently that one station may be deprived of the possibility of communication for a considerable period by reason of a great rush of messages at the other stations. The line in such a case is overloaded while in the hours of slack business the same line may perfectly come up to the demand.

The invention has for its object to remove the stated drawbacks and shortcomings by rendering it possible to send any number of messages from any one station of a line to any other station of the same, simultaneously and without any reciprocal disturbance or interruption.

Thus the otherwise necessary waiting is suppressed entirely, the overloading of the line is removed, and each and every station has at its disposal each and every other station which is not talking itself, and this during the whole working period notwithstanding the intercommunication of any or all the other stations of the line. The main difi'erence between the invention and other ing-current apparatus according to the in vention may be set or adjusted for the wanted periodicity numbers, so that it. is rendered possible to work the transmitters with alternating-currents of various penumber for which the receiver is set.

According to the system of the invention it is therefore possible, in one and the same line of, for instance, ten stations (Figure 1 numbered 1 to 10 inclusive) to carry on or to start communication simultaneously without any trouble between any two stations (chosen at random) viz., between 1 and 4, 7 and 3, 2 and 8, 5 and 10, 9 and 6 or in any other combination. Furthermore while 1 is receiving from 4, 1 may simultaneously transmitv to 4. The same holds good with regard to all the other stations, 1 may transmit to 4 and receive simultaneously let us say from 7. For instance one station, as 10,

may receive from stations 1, 2, and 3 and another station, as 1, may receive from stations 8, 9 and 10 so that there may be six messages passing simultaneously, three in onedirection and three in the other. Any intermediate station, as 4, may receive simultaneously from stations 5, 6 and 7 Furthermore the stations 1, 4 and 10 may simultaneously and without any restriction call up any other station on the line, and any other station on the line may receive at any time messages without any restriction. Finally all apparatus may be divided in but two groups installed respectively for instance in 1 and 10, whereby the-simultaneous transferring of a number of telegraphic messages from one station 1 to the other 10 is made possible. Each of the stations may be provided with a second receiver adjusted for a periodicity number used in common to all the stations, whereby it is rendered feasible to send messages from any one station to all the others simultaneously and conj ointly, as in use for stock-exchange telegrams and, weather prognostications,

The accompanying drawings show a general diagrammatic View andthe station arrangement of one of the end stations of a system constructed in accordance with this invention.

In the accompanying drawing like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of several stations arranged in series on a single line, the line being grounded at each end.

Fig. 2, is a diagrammatic view of the arrangement at one of the end stations, it being understood that each of the intermediate stations is arranged in precisely the 'same manner with the exception that the line wire instead of being grounded is connected to the next station.

In carrying out the objects of the invention I provide at one end of the line, in the present embodiment, a ground G, from which leads a line wire L having stations 1,

2, 39, 10, etc.,-interposed in series and from the last of these stations the line wire connects with the ground G. Considering now, the station as illustrated in Fig. 2, the

line wire L is connected to one of the contacts a, of a telephone receiver M0. From the other contact a of such receiver, 1 preferably extend a wire 11 to the contact 6 of the-magnets 12 of a relay R. From the-remaining contact 6 of the-magncts12, extends a wire 13 to the secondary 14 of an induction coil or transformer T1, the remaining end of such induction coil secondary, being connected by a wire 15 with a frequency meter K which is preferably of the type used under the Lux system. From this frequency meter, the line wire extends to the next following station.

The relay R is provided with an armature '16 engaging, when influenced by the magnets 12 with contacts 17. Une of these contacts is connected by a wire 18 with a battery B while the remaining contact is connected by a wire 19 with one of the connections to any suitable recording instrument such as indicated in outline at M. The remaining pole of the battery B is likewise connected to this recording instrument by wire 20. This constitutes the receiving portion of the instrument and it is to be understood that the telephone M0 is tuned to some desired one of the frequencies before mentioned, and that both telephone and relay R are provided with short circuiting cut outs, having switches either or both of which may be open when it is desired to usethose particular parts of the receiving apparatus.

In order to send a message there is provided a battery B wherefrom a wire 23 leads to a microphone transmitter, the vibratory member of which carries a rod 24;,

resting on a vibratory bar 1". This bar extends through a receiver Te and is provided on its ends with shiftable weights 1" so that by moving these weights in and out on the bar 1", the periodicity of vibration may be regulated. This receiver Te is arranged to maintain the bar r in vibration, after the same has been started in any desired manner, as by striking with a rod or the like. The microphone Mi is connected to the remaining pole of the battery by a wire 25 in the circuit of which is included the primary 26 of the transformer The secondary 27 of this transformer is connected by a wire 28 with the receiver T6 at one end and, by wire 29, the remaining pole of said secondary is connected to the remaining pole of the receiver Te.

Now when the bar 7" is set in vibration, oscillation of the. current through the primary 26 will be induced by the movement of the rod 24. This in turn will set up oscillations of the current through the secondary 27, and by means of the receiver Te will keep the bar r in the constant state of vibration in the same number of vibrations per unit of time, and con sequently will regulate the frequency of the current. In order to make use of this regulated. frequency an ordinary telegraph key Ta is employed which is permanently connected by wire 30 with the primary 31 of the induction coil Tr. A contact for the key Ta is provided at 32 and this contact is connected by a shunt wire 33 with the wire 28 so that as the oscillations are setup in the secondary 27 the opening and closing of this key Ta may cause certain of said oscillations to pass through the primary 31 and thereby affect the secondary 14, thus sending out over the line wire L oscillations corresponding to the oscillations of the bar r.

To understand how this may be utilized, in series connected stations, let us suppose that station'l is represented at Fig. 2, and that the receiver of station 10 is set for a frequency of 600. The operator, through observation notes whether the tongue of the frequency meter corresponding to the station in question remains at rest. if so the station to be called is already busy and can not be called by the particular operator re ferred to. If the tongue does vibrate he then arranges his sender for the frequency correspondin to the station to be called and calls them by pressing down and releasing the key in the usual manner. It will thus be observed that the indicator K is merely for the purpose of ascertaining whether or no the station desired to be called is busy. He then operates his key in the manner usual in. calling the station and determines in thi manner whether station 10 is already busy. 1f the station is not busy he preceeds to send his message by alternate depressions and lifting of the key Ta, which causes a breaking and closing. of the current through the primary 31. This causes similar operation of the secondary 14 and the message is received at station 10. Now any other station on the line will have its receiver arranged for a different frequency so that such receiver will not correspond to the action of the key at the sending station. However, by adjusting the tube 1", the key at the sending station will send signals selectively to any other station in the same manner, since the rate of vibration of the bar 1" will be changed.

The stations may be arranged for receiving audible messages or Written messages or in both ways.

Instead of alternating-current apparatus, apparatus constructed for undulation-currents of a fixed number of waves, or for an intermittent continuous current of a fixed interruption number may be used. In practice any one type or several difierent types of currents, such as are set forth above, may be used simultaneously.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature ofthe said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:

The combination with a series of stations arranged in series on a line wire, each of said stations comprising a sender including a key, an alternating current generator having means to adjust the frequency of the alternations, a transformer primary connected in shunt to said generator and to said key, a transformer secondary and a tuned receiver connected in series to said line wire at a second station.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OSKAR'SRNKA, ING. DR. TEOHN.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR HERzoG, AUGUST Fusenn. 

